Seed Priming with Beta-Amino Butyric Acid Improves Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Rice Seedlings

doi:10.1016/j.rsci.2016.08.002

Abstract

Abstract:

We studied the influence of seed priming with beta-amino butyric acid (BABA) on the growth, physiological and biochemical parameters of seedlings with varied abiotic stress tolerance, which were raised and grown under unstressed and stressed (NaCl/PEG-6000) conditions. Under stressed conditions, the growth of rice seedlings was less when compared to control plants. After BABA priming, the seedling growth increased both under unstressed and stressed conditions as compared to the respective controls. BABA priming of rice seeds caused increase in the photosynthetic pigment content of the leaves, modified the chlorophyll a fluorescence related parameters and also enhanced the photosystem activities of seedlings when compared to their respective non-primed controls. BABA priming also caused increased mitochondrial activities of the rice seedlings. Moreover, BABA priming significantly reduced malondialdehyde content in the seedlings and also resulted in accumulation of proline especially in the NaCl tolerant variety Vyttila 6. BABA seed priming also enhanced the activity of nitrate reductase enzyme and activities of antioxidant enzymes like guaiacol peroxidase and superoxide dismutase. The presence of BABA was detected by high performance thin layer chromatography analysis in the rice seeds whereas in the seedlings it was not detected. Thus, it can be inferred that the seed priming effect of BABA mainly occurred within the seeds, which was further carried to the seedlings. It is concluded that BABA priming of seeds improved the drought and salinity stress tolerance of all the three rice varieties and it was significantly evident in the drought tolerant variety Vaisakh and NaCl tolerant variety Vyttila 6, when compared to the stress sensitive variety Neeraja.

Key words: abiotic stress, drought, mitochondrial activity, photochemical activity, seed priming, rice, beta-amino butyric acid

Chandran Jisha Kolothodi, Thomas Puthur Jos. Seed Priming with Beta-Amino Butyric Acid Improves Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Rice Seedlings[J]. Rice Science, 2016, 23(5): 242-254.

Figures/Tables 8

References 67

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Trait	Variety	Control	Primed	NaCl	NaCl + primed	PEG-6000	PEG-6000 + primed
Shoot length (cm)	Neeraja	9.13 ± 0.32 b	11.40 ± 0.51 a	5.57 ± 0.34 c	10.03 ± 0.54 ab	4.53 ± 0.17 c	5.17 ± 0.55 c
Shoot length (cm)	Vaisakh	10.20 ± 0.43 b	10.57 ± 0.42 b	4.77 ± 0.12 d	12.53 ± 0.33 a	4.37 ± 0.12 d	8.67 ± 0.36 c
	Vyttila 6	11.77 ± 0.25 a	11.83 ± 0.19 a	4.90 ± 0.13 d	8.07 ± 0.34 bc	8.07 ± 0.34 bc	9.20 ± 0.48 b
Fresh weight (g)	Neeraja	0.0449 ± 0.0121 c	0.0590 ± 0.0133 a	0.0427 ± 0.0124 cd	0.0536 ± 0.0120 b	0.0394 ± 0.0103 d	0.0446 ± 0.0104 c
	Vaisakh	0.0569 ± 0.0123 c	0.0665 ± 0.0102 b	0.0480 ± 0.0100 d	0.0813 ± 0.0112 a	0.0463 ± 0.0114 d	0.0674 ± 0.0091 b
	Vyttila 6	0.0725 ± 0.0108 ab	0.0839 ± 0.0112 a	0.0505 ± 0.0991 d	0.0586 ± 0.0105 cd	0.0572 ± 0.0113 cd	0.0663 ± 0.0112 bc
Dry weight (g)	Neeraja	0.0136 ± 0.0099 bc	0.0156 ± 0.0104 a	0.0126 ± 0.0114 c	0.0163 ± 0.0121 a	0.0130 ± 0.0114 bc	0.0140 ± 0.0120 b
Dry weight (g)	Vaisakh	0.0131 ± 0.0113 c	0.0155 ± 0.0114 a	0.0116 ± 0.0132 d	0.0150 ± 0.0131 a	0.0116 ± 0.0112 d	0.0139 ± 0.0109 b
	Vyttila 6	0.0131 ± 0.0105 b	0.0146 ± 0.0103 a	0.0115 ± 0.0106 d	0.0129 ± 0.0134 b	0.0120 ± 0.0142 cd	0.0125 ± 0.0114 bc

Trait	Variety	Control	Primed	NaCl	NaCl + primed	PEG-6000	PEG-6000 + primed
Shoot length (cm)	Neeraja	9.13 ± 0.32 b	11.40 ± 0.51 a	5.57 ± 0.34 c	10.03 ± 0.54 ab	4.53 ± 0.17 c	5.17 ± 0.55 c
Shoot length (cm)	Vaisakh	10.20 ± 0.43 b	10.57 ± 0.42 b	4.77 ± 0.12 d	12.53 ± 0.33 a	4.37 ± 0.12 d	8.67 ± 0.36 c
	Vyttila 6	11.77 ± 0.25 a	11.83 ± 0.19 a	4.90 ± 0.13 d	8.07 ± 0.34 bc	8.07 ± 0.34 bc	9.20 ± 0.48 b
Fresh weight (g)	Neeraja	0.0449 ± 0.0121 c	0.0590 ± 0.0133 a	0.0427 ± 0.0124 cd	0.0536 ± 0.0120 b	0.0394 ± 0.0103 d	0.0446 ± 0.0104 c
	Vaisakh	0.0569 ± 0.0123 c	0.0665 ± 0.0102 b	0.0480 ± 0.0100 d	0.0813 ± 0.0112 a	0.0463 ± 0.0114 d	0.0674 ± 0.0091 b
	Vyttila 6	0.0725 ± 0.0108 ab	0.0839 ± 0.0112 a	0.0505 ± 0.0991 d	0.0586 ± 0.0105 cd	0.0572 ± 0.0113 cd	0.0663 ± 0.0112 bc
Dry weight (g)	Neeraja	0.0136 ± 0.0099 bc	0.0156 ± 0.0104 a	0.0126 ± 0.0114 c	0.0163 ± 0.0121 a	0.0130 ± 0.0114 bc	0.0140 ± 0.0120 b
Dry weight (g)	Vaisakh	0.0131 ± 0.0113 c	0.0155 ± 0.0114 a	0.0116 ± 0.0132 d	0.0150 ± 0.0131 a	0.0116 ± 0.0112 d	0.0139 ± 0.0109 b
	Vyttila 6	0.0131 ± 0.0105 b	0.0146 ± 0.0103 a	0.0115 ± 0.0106 d	0.0129 ± 0.0134 b	0.0120 ± 0.0142 cd	0.0125 ± 0.0114 bc

Variety	Chlorophyll a			Chlorophyll b
Variety	Control	NaCl	PEG-6000	Control	NaCl	PEG-6000
Neeraja	2.02 ± 0.16 b (1.58 ± 0.15 d)	2.26 ± 0.16 a (1.52 ± 0.13 e)	1.70 ± 0.11 c (1.15 ± 0.21 f)	0.57 ± 0.05 b (0.40 ± 0.03 e)	0.65 ± 0.04 a (0.43 ± 0.03 d)	0.50 ± 0.04 c (0.30 ± 0.03 f)
Vaisakh	2.82 ± 0.06 a (2.16 ± 0.05 d)	2.58 ± 0.15 c (2.00 ± 0.14 e)	2.76 ± 0.04 b (1.10 ± 0.06 f)	0.70 ± 0.03 b (0.51 ± 0.01 d)	0.59 ± 0.05 c (0.49 ± 0.04 e)	0.72 ± 0.03 a (0.31 ± 0.02 f)
Vyttila 6	3.71 ± 0.16 c (2.84 ± 0.05 d)	4.04 ± 0.06 a (2.53 ± 0.05 f)	4.03 ± 0.13 b (2.74 ± 0.18 e)	1.14 ± 0.05 c (0.83 ± 0.04 e)	1.20 ± 0.04 b (0.77 ± 0.03 f)	1.29 ± 0.06 a (0.89 ± 0.06 d)
Variety	Total chlorophyll			Carotenoid
Variety	Control	NaCl	PEG-6000	Control	NaCl	PEG-6000
Neeraja	2.59 ± 0.16 b (1.97 ± 0.14 d)	2.90 ± 0.15 a (1.95 ± 0.13 e)	2.19 ± 0.15 c (1.45 ± 0.11 f)	0.89 ± 0.02 b (0.65 ± 0.02 d)	0.96 ± 0.05 a (0.65 ± 0.06 d)	0.70 ± 0.03 c (0.46 ± 0.06 e)
Vaisakh	3.51 ± 0.15 a (2.66 ± 0.16 d)	3.16 ± 0.15 c (2.49 ± 0.11 e)	3.48 ± 0.14 b (1.41 ± 0.10 f)	1.29 ± 0.05 b (1.10 ± 0.04 d)	1.23 ± 0.04 c (1.04 ± 0.05 e)	1.30 ± 0.05 a (0.71 ± 0.06 f)
Vyttila 6	4.84 ± 0.12 c (3.67 ± 0.11 d)	5.26 ± 0.17 b (3.30 ± 0.18 f)	5.32 ± 0.15 a (3.62 ± 0.14 e)	1.41 ± 0.04 c (1.17 ± 0.07 d)	1.46 ± 0.04 b (0.99 ± 0.02 f)	1.61 ± 0.06 a (1.01 ± 0.05 e)

Variety	Chlorophyll a			Chlorophyll b
Variety	Control	NaCl	PEG-6000	Control	NaCl	PEG-6000
Neeraja	2.02 ± 0.16 b (1.58 ± 0.15 d)	2.26 ± 0.16 a (1.52 ± 0.13 e)	1.70 ± 0.11 c (1.15 ± 0.21 f)	0.57 ± 0.05 b (0.40 ± 0.03 e)	0.65 ± 0.04 a (0.43 ± 0.03 d)	0.50 ± 0.04 c (0.30 ± 0.03 f)
Vaisakh	2.82 ± 0.06 a (2.16 ± 0.05 d)	2.58 ± 0.15 c (2.00 ± 0.14 e)	2.76 ± 0.04 b (1.10 ± 0.06 f)	0.70 ± 0.03 b (0.51 ± 0.01 d)	0.59 ± 0.05 c (0.49 ± 0.04 e)	0.72 ± 0.03 a (0.31 ± 0.02 f)
Vyttila 6	3.71 ± 0.16 c (2.84 ± 0.05 d)	4.04 ± 0.06 a (2.53 ± 0.05 f)	4.03 ± 0.13 b (2.74 ± 0.18 e)	1.14 ± 0.05 c (0.83 ± 0.04 e)	1.20 ± 0.04 b (0.77 ± 0.03 f)	1.29 ± 0.06 a (0.89 ± 0.06 d)
Variety	Total chlorophyll			Carotenoid
Variety	Control	NaCl	PEG-6000	Control	NaCl	PEG-6000
Neeraja	2.59 ± 0.16 b (1.97 ± 0.14 d)	2.90 ± 0.15 a (1.95 ± 0.13 e)	2.19 ± 0.15 c (1.45 ± 0.11 f)	0.89 ± 0.02 b (0.65 ± 0.02 d)	0.96 ± 0.05 a (0.65 ± 0.06 d)	0.70 ± 0.03 c (0.46 ± 0.06 e)
Vaisakh	3.51 ± 0.15 a (2.66 ± 0.16 d)	3.16 ± 0.15 c (2.49 ± 0.11 e)	3.48 ± 0.14 b (1.41 ± 0.10 f)	1.29 ± 0.05 b (1.10 ± 0.04 d)	1.23 ± 0.04 c (1.04 ± 0.05 e)	1.30 ± 0.05 a (0.71 ± 0.06 f)
Vyttila 6	4.84 ± 0.12 c (3.67 ± 0.11 d)	5.26 ± 0.17 b (3.30 ± 0.18 f)	5.32 ± 0.15 a (3.62 ± 0.14 e)	1.41 ± 0.04 c (1.17 ± 0.07 d)	1.46 ± 0.04 b (0.99 ± 0.02 f)	1.61 ± 0.06 a (1.01 ± 0.05 e)

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