Genetic Analysis of Streaked and Abnormal Floret Mutant st-fon

doi:10.1016/S1672-6308(13)60132-8

Abstract

Abstract:

A double mutant with streaked leaf and abnormal floret was found and temporarily named streaked leaf and floral organ number mutant (st-fon). For this mutant, besides white streak appeared on culm, leaves and panicles, the number of floral organs increased and florets cracked. The extreme phenotype was that several small florets grew from one floret or branch rachis in small florets extended and developed into panicles. By using transmission electron microscope to observe the ultrastructure of white histocytes of leaves at the seedling stage, the white tissues which showed abnormal plastids, lamellas and thylakoids could not develop into normal chloroplast, and the development of chloroplast was blocked at the early growth stage of plastid. Scanning electron microscope and paraffin section were also used to observe the development of floral organs, and the results indicated that the development of floral meristem was out of order and unlimited, whereas in the twisty leaves, vascular bundle sheath cells grew excessively, or some bubbly cells increased. Genetic analyses carried out by means of cross and backcross with four normal-leaf-color materials revealed that the mutant is of cytoplasm inheritance.

Key words: rice, streaked leaf, floral organ, floret, mutant, chloroplast, anatomical structure, plasmatic inheritance

CHEN De-xi, LI Ting, QU Guang-lin, HUANG Wen-juan, HE Zhong-quan, LI Shi-gui. Genetic Analysis of Streaked and Abnormal Floret Mutant st-fon[J]. RICE SCIENCE, 2013, 20(4): 267-275.

References

Chen D X, Ma B T, Wang Y P, Li S G, Hao M. 2006. Morphological and anatomical characterization of a stripe mutant with abnormal floral organs in rice. J Mol Cell Biol, 39(4): 339–349. (in Chinese with English abstract)
Clark S E, Running M P, Meyerowitz E M. 1993. CLAVATA1, a regulator of meristem and flower development in Arabidopsis. Development, 119(2): 397–418.
Clark S E, Running M P, Meyerowitz E M. 1995. CLAVATA3 is a specific regulator of shoot and floral meristem development affecting same processes as CLAVATA1. Development, 121: 2057–2067.
Chu H W, Qian Q, Liang W Q, Yin C S, Tan H X, Yao X, Yuan Z, Yang J, Huang H, Luo D, Ma H, Zhang D B. 2006. The FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER4 gene encoding a putative ortholog of Arabidopsis CLAVATA3 regulates apical meristem size in rice. Plant Physiol, 142(3): 1039–1052.
Chu H W, Zhang D B. 2007. The shoot apical meristem size regulated by FON4 in rice. Plant Signal Behav, 2: 115–116.
Gao X C, Liang W Q, Yin C S, Ji S M, Wang H M, Su X, Guo C C, Kong H Z, Xue H W, Zhang D B. 2010. The SEPALLATA-like gene OsMADS34 is required for rice inflorescence and spikelet development. Plant Physiol, 153(2): 728–740.
Han C D, Coe E H, Martienssen R A. 1992. Molecular cloning and characterization of iojap(ij), a pattern striping gene of maize. EMBO J, 11(11): 4037–4046.
He R F, Ding Y, Yu J H, Zu M S. 2001. Study on leaf ultrastructure of the thermo-sensitive chlorophyll deficient mutant in rice. J Wuhan Bot Res, 19(1): 1–5. (in Chinese with English abstract)
Hu J T, Zhang J, Li Y Y, Fu C Y, Zheng J, Chen J B, Hu Y, Li S G. 2008. Genetic analysis and mapping of a rice white midrib mutant Oswm2. Hereditas, 30(9): 1201–1206. (in Chinese with English abstract)
Jeon J S, Jang S, Lee S, Nam J, Kim C, Lee S H, Chung Y Y, Kim S R, Lee Y H, Cho Y G, An G. 2000. Leafy hull sterile1 is a homeotic mutation in a rice MADS box gene affecting rice flower development. Plant Cell, 12: 871–884.
Jiang L, Qian Q, Mao L, Zhou Q Y, Zhai W X. 2005. Characterization of the rice floral organ number mutant fon3. J Integr Plant Biol, 47(1): 100–106.
Jin Y, Liu H Q, Wang D K, Tao Y Z. 2011. Genetic analysis and gene mapping of a white striped leaf and white panicle mutant in rice. Chin J Rice Sci, 25(5): 461–466. (in Chinese with English abstract)
Kayes J M, Clark S E. 1998. CLAVATA2, a regulator of meristem and organ development in Arabidopsis. Development, 125(19): 3843–3851.
Kim C, Jeong D H, An G. 2000. Molecular cloning and characterization of OsLRK1 encoding a putative receptor-like protein kinase from Oryza sativa. Plant Sci, 152: 17–26.
Kusumi K, Mizutani A, Nishimura M, Iba K. 1997. A virescent gene V1 determines the expression timing of plastid genes for transcription/translation apparatus during early leaf development in rice. Plant J, 12(6): 1241–1250.
Li H C, Qian Q, Wang Y, Li X B, Zhu L H, Xu J C. 2003. Characterization and mapping of a white panicle mutant gene in rice. Chin Sci Bull, 48(5): 457–459.
Li H F, Liang W Q, Hu Y, Zhu L, Yin C S, Xu J, Dreni L, Kater M M, Zhang D B. 2011a. Rice MADS6 interacts with the floral homeotic genes SUPERWOMAN1, MADS3, MADS58, MADS13, and DROOPING LEAF in specifying floral organ identities and meristem fate. Plant Cell, 23(7): 2536–2552.
Li H F, Liang W Q, Yin C S, Zhu L, Zhang D B. 2011b. Genetic interaction of OsMADS3, DROOPING LEAF and OsMADS13 in specifying rice floral organs identities and meristem determinacy. Plant Physiol, 156(1): 263–274.
Li N, Chu H W, Wen T Q, Zhang D B. 2007. Genetic analysis and mapping of the rice white midrib mutant Oswm. Acta Agric Shanghai, 23: 1–4. (in Chinese with English abstract)
Li Y, Xu P Z, Zhang H Y, Peng H, Zhang Q F, Wang X D, Wu X J. 2007. Characterization and identification of a novel mutant fon(t) on floral organ number and floral organ identity in rice. J Genet Genom, 34(8): 730–737.
Luo Q, Zhou K D, Wang W M, Wang X D, Xiao H, Wang X H, Zhu L H. 2001. Genetic analysis and gene mapping of a leaf and pistil developmental abnormalities mutant in rice. Chin Sci Bull, 46(15): 1277–1280. (in Chinese)
Nagasawa N, Miyoshi M, Sano Y, Nagato Y. 1996. DL regulates both leaf and pistil development in rice. Rice Genet Newsl, 13: 102–105.
Nagasawa N, Miyoshi M, Sano Y, Satoh H, Hirano H, Sakai H, Nagato Y. 2003. SUPERWOMAN1 and DROOPING LEAF genes control floral organ identity in rice. Development, 130: 705–718.
Qian Q, Zhu X D, Zeng D L, Zhang X H, Yan X Q, Xiong Z M. 1996. The study on a new special material, white-green rice, which controlled by plasmagene. J Crop Resour, 4: 11–12. (in Chinese)
Rodermel S. 2002. Arabidopsis Variegation Mutants. In: Somerville C R, Myerowitz E R. The Arabidopsis Book. Rockville, MD: American Society of Plant Biologists: 1–28.
Sanchez A C, Khush G S. 1994. Chromosomal location of some marker genes in rice using the primary trisomics. J Hered, 85(4): 297–300.
Sang X C, Xu F F, Ling Y H, Zhao M F, Yang Z L, Tang Y Q, Tian X Q, Li Y F, He G H. 2010. Identification and molecular mapping of stripe leaf mutant st(t) in rice (Oryza sativa L). Acta Agron Sin, 36(2): 211–216. (in Chinese with English abstract)
Sugimoto H, Kusumi K, Tozawa Y, Yazaki J, Kishimoto N, Kikuchi S, Iba K. 2004. The virescent-2 mutation inhibits translation of plastid transcripts for the plastid genetic system at an early stage of chloroplast differentiation. Plant Cell Physiol, 45(8): 985–996.
Sugimoto H, Kusumi K, Noguchi K, Yano M, Yoshimura A, Iba K. 2007. The rice nuclear gene, VIRESCENT 2, is essential for chloroplast development and encodes a novel type of guanylate kinase targeted to plastids and mitochondria. Plant J, 52(3): 512–527.
Suzaki T, Sato M, Ashikari M, Miyoshi M, Nagato Y, Hirano H Y. 2004. The gene FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER1 regulates floral meristem size in rice and encodes a leucine-rich repeat receptor kinase orthologous to Arabidopsis CLAVATA1. Development, 131(22): 5649–5657.
Suzaki T, Toriba T, Fujimoto M, Tsutsumi N, Kitano H, Hirano H Y. 2006. Conservation and diversification of meristem maintenance mechanism in Oryza sativa: Function of the FLORAL ORGAN NUMBER2 gene. Plant Cell Physiol, 47(12): 1591–1602.
Wang B, Han Z P, Wu X J, Wang X D. 2004. Identification of a mutant with drooping leaf (DLR) in rice. Seed, 23(11): 30–33. (in Chinese with English abstract)
Whatley J M. 1983. The ultrastructure of plastids in roots. Int Rev Cytol, 85: 175–220.
Whipple C J, Zanis M J, Kellogg E A, Schmidt R J. 2007. Conservation of B class gene expression in the second whorl of a basal grass and outgroups links the origin of lodicules and petals. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 104(3): 1081–1086.
Zhang Q F, Xu J D, Li Y, Xu P Z, Zhang H Y, Wu X J. 2007. Morphological, anatomical and genetic analysis for a rice mutant with abnormal hull. J Genet Genom, 34(6): 519–526.
Zhang X Q, Zou J S, Zhu H T, Li X Y, Zeng R Z. 2008. Genetic analysis and gene mapping of an early flowering and multi-ovary mutant in rice (Oryza sativa L). Hereditas, 30(10): 1349–1355. (in Chinese with English abstract)

[1]	Prathap V, Suresh KUMAR, Nand Lal MEENA, Chirag MAHESHWARI, Monika DALAL, Aruna TYAGI. Phosphorus Starvation Tolerance in Rice Through a Combined Physiological, Biochemical and Proteome Analysis [J]. Rice Science, 2023, 30(6): 8-.
[2]	Serena REGGI, Elisabetta ONELLI, Alessandra MOSCATELLI, Nadia STROPPA, Matteo Dell’ANNO, Kiril PERFANOV, Luciana ROSSI. Seed-Specific Expression of Apolipoprotein A-I_Milano Dimer in Rice Engineered Lines [J]. Rice Science, 2023, 30(6): 6-.
[3]	Sundus ZAFAR, XU Jianlong. Recent Advances to Enhance Nutritional Quality of Rice [J]. Rice Science, 2023, 30(6): 4-.
[4]	Kankunlanach KHAMPUANG, Nanthana CHAIWONG, Atilla YAZICI, Baris DEMIRER, Ismail CAKMAK, Chanakan PROM-U-THAI. Effect of Sulfur Fertilization on Productivity and Grain Zinc Yield of Rice Grown under Low and Adequate Soil Zinc Applications [J]. Rice Science, 2023, 30(6): 9-.
[5]	FAN Fengfeng, CAI Meng, LUO Xiong, LIU Manman, YUAN Huanran, CHENG Mingxing, Ayaz AHMAD, LI Nengwu, LI Shaoqing. Novel QTLs from Wild Rice Oryza longistaminata Confer Rice Strong Tolerance to High Temperature at Seedling Stage [J]. Rice Science, 2023, 30(6): 14-.
[6]	XIA Xiaodong, ZHANG Xiaobo, WANG Zhonghao, CHENG Benyi, Sun Huifeng, XU Xia, GONG Junyi, YANG Shihua, WU Jianli, SHI Yongfeng, XU Rugen. Mapping and Functional Analysis of LE Gene in a Lethal Etiolated Rice Mutant at Seedling Stage [J]. Rice Science, 2023, 30(6): 13-.
[7]	LIN Shaodan, YAO Yue, LI Jiayi, LI Xiaobin, MA Jie, WENG Haiyong, CHENG Zuxin, YE Dapeng. Application of UAV-Based Imaging and Deep Learning in Assessment of Rice Blast Resistance [J]. Rice Science, 2023, 30(6): 10-.
[8]	Md. Forshed DEWAN, Md. AHIDUZZAMAN, Md. Nahidul ISLAM, Habibul Bari SHOZIB. Potential Benefits of Bioactive Compounds of Traditional Rice Grown in South and South-East Asia: A Review [J]. Rice Science, 2023, 30(6): 5-.
[9]	Raja CHAKRABORTY, Pratap KALITA, Saikat SEN. Phenolic Profile, Antioxidant, Antihyperlipidemic and Cardiac Risk Preventive Effect of Chakhao Poireiton (A Pigmented Black Rice) in High-Fat High-Sugar induced Rats [J]. Rice Science, 2023, 30(6): 11-.
[10]	LI Qianlong, FENG Qi, WANG Heqin, KANG Yunhai, ZHANG Conghe, DU Ming, ZHANG Yunhu, WANG Hui, CHEN Jinjie, HAN Bin, FANG Yu, WANG Ahong. Genome-Wide Dissection of Quan 9311A Breeding Process and Application Advantages [J]. Rice Science, 2023, 30(6): 7-.
[11]	JI Dongling, XIAO Wenhui, SUN Zhiwei, LIU Lijun, GU Junfei, ZHANG Hao, Tom Matthew HARRISON, LIU Ke, WANG Zhiqin, WANG Weilu, YANG Jianchang. Translocation and Distribution of Carbon-Nitrogen in Relation to Rice Yield and Grain Quality as Affected by High Temperature at Early Panicle Initiation Stage [J]. Rice Science, 2023, 30(6): 12-.
[12]	Nazaratul Ashifa Abdullah Salim, Norlida Mat Daud, Julieta Griboff, Abdul Rahim Harun. Elemental Assessments in Paddy Soil for Geographical Traceability of Rice from Peninsular Malaysia [J]. Rice Science, 2023, 30(5): 486-498.
[13]	Ammara Latif, Sun Ying, Pu Cuixia, Noman Ali. Rice Curled Its Leaves Either Adaxially or Abaxially to Combat Drought Stress [J]. Rice Science, 2023, 30(5): 405-416.
[14]	Liu Qiao, Qiu Linlin, Hua Yangguang, Li Jing, Pang Bo, Zhai Yufeng, Wang Dekai. LHD3 Encoding a J-Domain Protein Controls Heading Date in Rice [J]. Rice Science, 2023, 30(5): 437-448.
[15]	Lu Xuedan, Li Fan, Xiao Yunhua, Wang Feng, Zhang Guilian, Deng Huabing, Tang Wenbang. Grain Shape Genes: Shaping the Future of Rice Breeding [J]. Rice Science, 2023, 30(5): 379-404.