Realistic Simulation of Rice Plant

Abstract

Abstract: The research of virtual crop modeling has become a hotspot in the field of digital agriculture. The existing research results of virtual modeling of rice plant, however, is far from perfection compared to that of other crops due to its complex structure and growth process. This paper presents techniques to visually simulate the architecture of rice plant and its growth process based on the analysis of the morphological characteristics at different stages. Firstly, the simulation of geometrical shape, the bending statuses and the structural distortion of rice leaves is conducted. Then, by using an improved model of bending deformation, the curved patterns of panicle axis and various types of panicle branches are generated, and the spatial shape of rice panicle is therefore created. Parametric L-system is employed to generate its topological structures, and Finite-state automaton is adopted to describe the development of geometrical structures. Finally, the computer visualization of three-dimensional morphologies of rice plant at both organ and individual levels is achieved. The experimental results showed that the proposed methods of modeling the three-dimensional shapes of organs and simulating the growth of rice plant are feasible and effective, and the generated three-dimensional images are realistic.

Key words: rice plant, visualization, geometric modeling, architecture modeling, rendering

Ding Wei-long, Zhang Yu-ping, Zhang Qian-yuan, Zhu De-feng, Chen Qi. Realistic Simulation of Rice Plant[J]. RICE SCIENCE.

References

Ding W L, Liu C, Zhang Y P, Zhu D F, Zhang Q Y, Gu H. 2010. Visually modeling spatial shape of rice panicle based on calculation of bending deformation. Chin J Rice Sci, 24(3): 309– 314. (in Chinese with English abstract)
Dong Q X, Wang Y M, Barczi J F. 2006. Tomato structural- functional model I: A 3D architectural modeling based on finite state automation. Chin J Ecol Agric, 14(4): 195–199. (in Chinese with English abstract)
Dong Q X, Louarn G, Wang Y M, Barczi J F, de Reffye P. 2008. Does the structure-function model GREENLAB deal with crop phenotypic plasticity induced by plant spacing? A case study on tomato. Ann Bot, 101(8): 1195–1206.
Fournier C, Andrieu B. 1999. ADEL-maize: An L-system based model for the integration of growth processes from the organ to the canopy. Agronomie, 19: 313–327.
Guo X Y, Zhao C J, Xiao B X, Deng X Y, Sun G G, Wang J H. 2007. Design and implementation of three-dimensional geometric morphological modeling and visualization system for maize. Trans Chin Soc Agric Eng, 2007, 23(4): 144–148. (in Chinese with English abstract)
Guo Y, Li B G. 2001. New advances in virtual plant research. Chin Sci Bull, 46(4): 273–280. (in Chinese with English abstract)
Ishimaru K, Togawa E, Ookawa T, Kashiwagi T, Madoka Y, Hirostsu Y. 2008. New target for rice lodging resistance and its effect in a typhoon. Planta, 227: 601–609.
Ivanov N, Boissard P, Chapron M, Valery P. 1994. Estimation of the height and angles of orientation of the upper leaves in the maize canopy using sterovision. Agronomie, 14: 183–194.
Jin X H, Fourcaud T, Li B G, Guo Y. 2009. Towards modeling and analyzing stem lodging for two contrasting rice cultivars. In: 2009 Third International Symposium on Plant Growth Modeling, Simulation, Visualization and Applications. November 09?13. IEEE Computer Society Washington, DC, USA: 253–260.
Liu T J, Tang J J, Qi C H. 2002. A study on the fractal characters and the visual simulation of rice morphology. Acta Agric Univ Jiangxi: Nat Sci, 24(5): 583–586. (in Chinese with English abstract)
Ma Y T, Wen M P, Guo Y, Li B G, Cournède P H, de Reffye P. 2008. Parameter optimization and field validation of the functional-structural model GREENLAB for maize at different population densities. Ann Bot, 101: 1185–1194.
Ogawa Y, Kuensting H, Sugiyama J, Ohtani T, Liu X O, Kokubo M, Kudoh K, Higuchi T. 2002. Structure of a rice grain represented by a new three-dimension visualization technique. J Cereal Sci, 36(1): 1–7.
Oladokun M A O, Ennos A R. 2006. Structural development and stability of rice Oryza Sativa L. var. Nerica 1. J Exp Bot, 57(12): 3123–3130.
Shi C L, Zhu Y, Tang L, Cao W X. 2007. Quantitative analysis and primary simulation on rice panicle structure. Acta Agron Sin, 33(4): 652–656. (in Chinese with English abstract)
Watanabe T, Hanan J S. 2005. Rice morphogenesis and plant architecture: Measurement, specification and the reconstruction of structural development by 3D architectural modeling. Ann Bot, 95(7): 1131–1143.
Wu Y L, Cao W X, Tang L, Zhu Y, Liu H. 2009a. OpenGL-based visual technology for wheat morphology. Trans Chin Soc Agric Eng, 25(1): 121–126. (in Chinese with English abstract)
Wu Y L, Tand L, Liu X J, Zhang W Y, Cao W X, Zhu Y. 2009b. Architectural parameter-based geometric modeling and visualization of rice panicle. Sci Agric Sin, 2009, 42(4): 1190–1196. (in Chinese with English abstract)
Yang H Y, Sun A Z, He H J, Tang J J. 2008. Research on visual simulation of rice panicle and its realization. J Anhui Agric Sci, 36(5): 1732–1733. (in Chinese with English abstract)
Zheng B Y, Shi L J, Ma Y T, Deng Q Y, Li B G, Guo Y. 2009. Three-dimensional digitization in situ of rice canopies and virtual stratified-clipping method, Sci Agric Sin, 42(4): 1181– 1189. (in Chinese with English abstract)